Geogrids can be manufactured with integral junctions are manufactured by extruding and
orienting sheets of polyolefins (polyethylene or polypropylene). These types of geogrids are
often called extruded or integral geogrids. Geogrids may also be manufactured of
multifilament polyester yarns, joined at the crossover points by a knitting or weaving
process, and then encased with a polymer-based, plasticized coating. These types of geogrids
are often called woven or flexible geogrids. A third type, a welded geogrid manufactured, as
the name implies, by welding polymeric strips together at their cross over points. All these
manufacturing techniques allow geogrids to be oriented such that the principal strength is in
one direction, called uniaxial geogrids, or in both directions (but not necessarily the same),
called biaxial geogrids.
APPLICABILTY AND BENEFITS OF GEOSYNTHETICS IN ROADWAYS
Roads and highways are broadly classified into two categories: permanent and temporary,
depending on their service life, traffic applications, or desired performance. Permanent roads
include both paved and unpaved systems which usually remain in service 10 years or more.
Permanent roads may be subjected to more than a million load applications during their
design lives. On the other hand, temporary roads are, in most cases, unpaved. They remain
in service for only short periods of time (often less than 1 year), and are usually subjected to
fewer than 10,000 load applications during their services lives. Temporary roads include
detours, haul and access roads, construction platforms, and stabilized working tables required
for the construction of permanent roads, as well as embankments over soft foundations.
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